Our ecosystem is composed of both biotic and abiotic components. Both of these components have stark differences between them and it is important to understand to gain a better understanding of how ...

Abiotic close abioticNon-living elements of an ecosystem, such as climate, temperature, water, and soil type. factors are non-living environmental factors that can affect the organisms in ecosystems.

1. Plant–soil interactions are temporally dynamic in ways that are important for the development of plant communities. Yet, during primary succession, the degree to which changing soil characteristics ...

An international team of scientists and students, led by the Arctic University of Norway, and including chemists and ...