Instead, sodium-ion batteries rely on “hard carbon,” a porous form of carbon that can hold sodium but also makes unwanted chemical reactions more likely.

Dot and cross diagrams help us to model when ions are formed from atoms. Here’s an example using sodium and chlorine. They form ions which bond to form sodium chloride. 2. Work out how many electrons ...

The work, led by Chunsheng Wang at the University of Maryland, offers a relatively simple way to make lithium-ion batteries more durable using standard materials and ...

Six critical steps are involved in the manufacturing of semiconductors. These steps include deposition, photoresist, lithography, etch, ionization and packaging. This article discusses several ...

Hybrid electric vehicles, cell phones, digital cameras, and the Mars Curiosity rover are just a few of the many devices that use rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Now a team of researchers has a ...