Solid-state device technologies, which are available to the amplifier designer, fall, broadly, into three categories: bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and junction diodes; junction field effect ...

It's been about 40 years since the first monolithic op amps were introduced. Those first devices, some of which are still in production, were designed exclusively in bipolar technology. Today most ...

Your design task, should you decide to accept it: given an input voltage, square it. Ok, that’s too hard since squaring 8 volts would give you 64 volts, so let’s say the output should be 10% of the ...

Although most people aren’t aware of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), they do enjoy their benefits. From air conditioners to electric cars to stereo amplifiers, the modern world relies on ...

Last time I showed you how to set up a reasonably complex design in a spreadsheet: a common emitter bipolar transistor amplifier. Having the design in a spreadsheet makes it easy to do “what if” ...

This video explains how transistors work as switches and amplifiers in electronic circuits. Transistors control the flow of ...

Members can download this article in PDF format. Use of differential signaling in analog front ends is increasing across a range of applications, from audio processing to factory automation.